Diabetes mellitus also called diabetes is a metabolic disease that is the major reason behind the high value of sugar levels in the blood. You must know that the hormone insulin is responsible for moving sugar from the blood into your cells that are used for storing energy. When you are suffering from diabetes, your body is not able to make enough insulin or the body is not effectively able to make the insulin.
Note that, if the high blood sugar remains untreated, it will be damaging your eyes, nerves, kidneys, and various other organs. It is also important for you to educate yourself about diabetes by taking steps to manage or prevent it which can help in protecting your health.
Different Types of Diabetes
The following types of diabetes you should know are:
Type 1: It is an autoimmune disease. The immune system will attack and destroy cells in the pancreas where the formation of insulin takes place.
Type 2: It occurs when the body is resistant to insulin and sugar will be building inside the blood. It is one of the common types as 90 to 95% of people are suffering from it.
Gestational: The situation happens due to high blood sugar during pregnancy. Placenta produces the insulin-blocking hormones which is the reason behind this type of diabetes.
One of the rare conditions is called the diabetes insipidus and it is not relevant to diabetes milletus however the name is similar! In this condition, the kidney is removing much fluid from the body.
General Symptoms of Diabetes
The general symptoms of diabetes are as follows:
- Increase in thirst and hunger.
2. Loss of weight with frequent urination
3. Extreme fatigue and blurry vision
4. Sores that will not heal
When To Check Blood Sugar?
The checking of blood sugar is dependent on the type of diabetes in case you are taking the medicines. Typical times for checking blood sugar are:
- When waking up in the morning. Before you drink or eat anything.
2. Before you are having a meal.
3. Two hours after you eat the meal.
4. At your bedtime.
Blood Sugar Targets
Blood sugar targets are the range that you have to reach in every situation. The ranges are as follows:
Before eating a meal: 80 to 130 mg/dL.
Two hours after you take a meal: Less than 180 mg/dL.
The blood sugar targets will be different as per age along with other factors and health problems. You should get in touch with your healthcare providers to know about your targets.
Low Blood Sugar
The low blood sugar is called hypoglycemia and the causes can be missing meals, high insulin, and diabetes medicines, doing more exercise than normal, and drinking alcohol. A sugar level below 70 mg/dL is termed as low.
Causes: Some signs of blood sugar are sweating, shaking, irritability or confusion, nervousness or anxiety, hunger, and dizziness.
Treatment: The person should take four glucose tablets, drink four ounces of regular soda not diet soda, four ounces of fruit juice, and four pieces of hard candy.
High Blood Sugar
High blood sugar (hyperglycemia) includes being stressed, sick, eating more as per the plan, and not providing insulin.
Causes: Some symptoms of high blood sugar are feeling tiredness, thirst, blurry vision, and going to pee more often.
Treatment: You have to be more active, take medicines as per the instructions, follow the proper diet and meal plan, check blood sugar as per the direction of a doctor, and consult a doctor to adjust the insulin and type of insulin!
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